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K-index a predictor of T2 lesions in CIS, RIS

…ictor of T2 lesions than other measures such as the number of dissemination-in-space locations of T2 lesions at baseline, the presence of Gd+ lesions or OCB status. Notably, OCB positivity was not predictive of new T2 lesions in RIS. Moreover, the K-index was predictive of a clinical attack in CIS (AUC 0.75 at 12 months). The risk of a relapse in CIS patients increased by 4% with each 10-point increase in the K-index. The authors concluded that th…

New ECTRIMS/EAN recommendations for vaccination in MS patients

…following is a summary of key recommendations for patients receiving higher-efficacy disease-modifying therapies (DMTs). Immunization status should be evaluated for all patients. The vaccination plan should document the patient’s vaccination needs based on natural immunity, vaccine history and serology (e.g. varicella, measles, mumps, rubella, tetanus, hepatitis B). Vaccinations should be administered at diagnosis or in the early stages of the dis…

MicroRNAs – their potential as MS biomarkers

…tate or interferon-beta, although levels of two other miRNAs (miR-146a, miR-142-3p) appeared to be normalized. In contrast, miRNA-155 levels were reduced in RRMS patients during and following a six-month course of natalizumab (Mameli et al. PLoS One 2016;11:1-11). An in vitro study found that natalizumab, fingolimod and dimethyl fumarate reduced miRNA-155 expression in monocytes derived from MS patients (Michell-Robinson et al. Ann Clin Transl Neu…

Novel biomarkers in development for MS

…reviewed in Maroto-Garcia et al. Clin Chim Acta 2023;548:117471). Chitinase-3-like 1 (CHI3L1) is expressed in astrocytes, macrophages and neutrophils and is involved in inflammation and tissue remodelling. CSF levels of CHI3L1 are elevated in MS (Burman et al. J Neuroimmunol 2016;292:52-57). CHI3L1 has been shown to be predictive of physical and cognitive disability in patients with optic neuritis and clinically isolated syndrome (Modvig et al. Mu…

EAN HIGHLIGHTS 2023 – WEDNESDAY, JULY 5 EDITION

…were previously presented at AAN (see AAN Update on anti-CD20 agents: long-term data, NeuroSens, May 10, 2023). MS influenced by prior pregnancies A novel study has examined the potential effect on MS of microchimerism, in which fetal cells that are genetically distinct from the mother migrate to the maternal bloodstream and persist for decades (Bianchi et al. EAN 2023;EPO-153). The study compared 43 MS patients with at least one son (XYp), only…