…of CIS trials see Freedman et al. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2014;3:147-155; free full text at www.msard-journal.com/article/S2211-0348(13)00085-0/pdf). A pilot study of minocycline in MS (Zhang et al. Can J Neurol Sci 2008;35:185-191), and as add-on therapy to glatiramer acetate (Metz et al. Mult Scler 2009;15:1183-1194) have previously reported some benefits with the antibiotic, most notably in reducing inflammatory activity on MRI. Biotin is part…

…9). In that study, 24 RRMS patients with breakthrough disease on treatment received high-dose immunosuppressant therapy (carmustine, etoposide, cytarabine, and melphalan, rabbit antithymocyte globulin) followed by autologous HSCT. Progression-free survival at three years was 90.9%. Overall event-free survival was 78.4%. Improvements were observed in neurologic disability, quality of life and functional scores. Reviewer: Dr. Daniel Selchen, Head of…

…rain volume loss and long-term disability outcomes. A separate analysis of FREEDOMS/FREEDOMS II data reported that fingolimod-treated patients were four-fold more likely to achieve NEDA-4 compared to those on placebo (odds ratio 4.41) (Freedman et al. ECTRIMS 2015; abstract P626). The likelihood of NEDA-4 was higher in patients aged < 30 years (OR 6.37), >2 relapses in the prior two years (OR 5.48), and baseline EDSS score >3.5 (OR 8.20), suggesti…