Neurofilament-light chain
Kappa free-light chain
Combining biomarkers
MS biomarker research this year was characterized by further refinements to how current fluid biomarkers may be employed in practice; new/emerging markers of disease; and the use of combined biomarkers that may help to unravel the complex pathobiology of disease progression.
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Early use of HE-DMTs
Use in pregnancy
Noteworthy studies in 2025
Switching between anti-CD20 agents
The year 2025 saw an increasing early use of high-efficacy disease-modifying therapies (HE-DMT) in patients with multiple sclerosis, either as the first-choice agent or for the first switch. The rationale for this change in practice patterns derived from the accumulating efficacy and safety data from clinical trials, database analyses and real-world studies on the use of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies.
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