βSeduced by significanceβ β the p-value controversy
April 18, 2018…acebo), with the added caveat about the assumptions used to calculate the p-value. P-values do not measure the probability that the hypothesis is true, or the probability that the data were produced by random chance alone. Thus, a “significant result” of p<0.05 does not mean that the probability that a result is due to random chance is less than 5%, nor does it mean that there is a 95% probability that the hypothesis is true (e.g. that a drug is s…