A new meta-analysis of 39 studies (n=10,864) has concluded that there is an association between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) seropositivity and  MS (Almohmeed et al. PLoS One 2013;8:e61110; free full text at www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3621759/pdf/pone.0061110.pdf). Seroprevalence was determined for three anti-EBV antibodies: anti-EBV nuclear antigen 1 (anti-EBNA-1) or EBNA complex; antiviral capsid antigen (anti-VCA); and anti-Early Antigen (anti-EA).