REPORT FROM THE 26TH CONGRESS OF THE EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR TREATMENT AND RESEARCH IN MS (ECTRIMS), GOTHENBURG, SWEDEN, OCTOBER 13-16, 2010 -Five new cases of acute CNS demyelination following immunization with the human papilloma virus vaccine (Gardasil®) have been reported by researchers in Greece (Balamoutsos et al. ECTRIMS 2010; P297). Four cases were diagnosed with a clinically isolated syndrome, and one case experienced repeated episodes of neurological dysfunction. In all cases, multiple demyelinating lesions were identified on brain and cervical spinal cord MRI and oligoclonal bands were present in CSF.